A formal criticism of Stephen Marquardts Phi Golden ratio mask is about to be published. The electronic version was posted online a few days ago. Search torrents on dozens of torrent sites and torrent trackers. Unblock torrent sites by proxy. PirateBay proxy, Kickass unblocked and more torrent proxies. Stephen Marquardt Phi Golden ratio mask formally refuted. A formal criticism of Stephen Marquardts Phi Golden ratio mask is about to be published. The electronic version was posted online a few days ago. Here is the article in its entirety. It is written for a scientificmedical audience, but its contents have been discussed in a more layperson friendly manner at this site before. Stephen Marquardt has never published the validity of his mask in a peer reviewed journal though some papers have favorably reviewed it. Strictly speaking, the criticism in the following article should not be considered definitive since time must be given to Marquardt or others to critique it, and others are more than welcome to try. In a way, I feel sorry for Marquardt since he has worked on his Phi mask for decades, is very strongly devoted to it and seems to have had an epiphany after coming up with it. I have never experienced such a moment and would not want to find out what it feels like to have a cherished idea thoroughly refuted. Anyway, a shortcoming of the following article is that it cites a study about the thinness of fashion models using a mid 1. BMI 1. 7. 5. 7, but it should have been added that fashion models have gotten thinner since then, the current preference among fashion designers being for models with a BMI in the neighborhood of 1. Marquardts Phi Mask Pitfalls of Relying on Fashion Models and the Golden Ratio to Describe a Beautiful Face. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. DOI 1. 0. 1. 00. 7s. Electronic publication, ahead of print Jan 4, 2. Nozzle Pro Cracked'>Nozzle Pro Cracked. Erik Holland. Background. Stephen Marquardt has derived a mask from the golden ratio that he claims represents the ideal facial archetype. Many have found his mask convincing, including cosmetic surgeons. However, Marquardts mask is associated with numerous problems. The method used to examine goodness of fit with the proportions in the mask is faulty. The mask is ill suited for non European populations, especially sub Saharan Africans and East Asians. The mask also appears to approximate the face shape of masculinized European women. Given that the general public strongly and overwhelmingly prefers above average facial femininity in women, white women seeking aesthetic facial surgery would be ill advised to aim toward a better fit with Marquardts mask. This article aims to show the proper way of assessing goodness of fit with Marquardts mask, to address the shape of the mask as it pertains to masculinity femininity, and to discuss the broader issue of an objective assessment of facial attractiveness. Methods. Generalized Procrustes analysis is used to show how goodness of fit with Marquardts mask can be assessed. Thin plate spline analysis is used to illustrate visually how sample faces, including northwestern European averages, differ from Marquardts mask. Results. Kilauea Mount Etna Mount Yasur Mount Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira Piton de la Fournaise Erta Ale. MrAnthony My ace in the hole finally shows up. No reason not to, especially since everyone else has a fair shot and everyone should know when the Tuesday Trivia gif. Torrent download TV shows TV series, movies, music and games on Kickasstorrents. O/d/4kOd0/main_67_99_l.jpg' alt='Daz3d Genesis War' title='Daz3d Genesis War' />Marquardts mask best describes the facial proportions of masculinized white women as seen in fashion models. Conclusions. Marquardts mask does not appear to describe ideal face shape even for white women because its proportions are inconsistent with the optimal preferences of most people, especially with regard to femininity. Keywords. Aesthetics Golden ratio Phi mask Procrustes analysis Stephen Marquardt Thin plate splines The nature of beauty is an intriguing topic. It is tempting to describe beauty in terms of a simple, recurring theme such as the golden ratio. Dividing a line segment into two parts such that the ratio of these parts equals the ratio of the larger part and the line segment gives us the golden ratio Phi. A number of attempts have been made to describe ideal facial proportions in terms of the golden ratio 1. However, several studies have not found any relationship between facial attractiveness and compliance with golden ratio proportions 2. Stephen Marquardt 1. Marquardts Phi mask has been favorably reviewed by some authors 1,1. Kim 1. 6 reported that Marquardts mask is convenient for facial analytics, and Bashour 1 has claimed that Marquardts mask is a suitable tool for developing an objective system to assess facial beauty. However, Marquardts mask is associated with a number of problems. A preliminary examination of Marquardts mask does not suggest that it describes ideal face shape. Figure 1 shows the front and side views of the mask with most internal lines in the original mask erased so as not to obscure overall face shape. The mask appears to trace best the outline of an individual with European ancestry. Marquardt claims that his mask applies equally well to attractive individuals across geographic populations. However, in W. W. Howells data set involving 5. Large as these values are, because a correlation structure underlying shape variation across populations also exists, the face shape differences across continental populations are striking. Therefore, how can an ideal face shape be conceived across populations as distinct as Norwegians, Tanzanians and the ChineseUsing the ratio of the basion prosthion length to the basion nasion length as an index of prognathism, Hanihara 1. Norwegians, 1. 04. Tanzanians, and 9. Chinese.   Similarly, when the ratio of the simotic subtense to the simotic chord was used as an index of the prominence of the nasals, the result was 5. Norwegians, 3. 0. Windows Xp Sp2 64 Bits Sata Cable here. Tanzanians, and 3. Chinese 1. 1.   Well separated population means make it difficult to conceive the ideal Homo sapiens face. Fig. 1. The outline of Marquardts mask. See the complete version at http www. Even among individuals of European ancestry, the mask outline does not appear to describe a typical man or woman. With reference to face shape variation resulting from masculinization and feminization 1. The Light Swami Vivekananda Movie. Marquardts mask appears to be that of a masculinized woman, as evident from the eminent supra orbital ridges, low set eyebrows, strong nasoglabellar curvature, cheekbone placement high on the face, retracted mandibular symphysis, and a prominent and squared chin. By Marquardts own admission, his mask describes a womans shape. Therefore, the masculine element is curious given that a strong preference for facial femininity has been described in the general population. For instance, in a metaanalysis of the effect of facial femininity on attractiveness ratings, the effect size correlation was r 0. Marquardts mask curiously leans toward a Class 2 profile. A Class 1 profile is reported as the most attractive 4,7,1. Class 1 profile are assigned higher ratings among individuals of European ancestry if they lean toward the Class 3 type rather than the Class 2 type 4,5,1. Additionally, Marquardts mask is inconsistent with the optimal preferences of white North Americans regarding soft tissue nasion placement 2.